FrontController.php

<?php
/**
 * Piwik - free/libre analytics platform
 *
 * @link http://piwik.org
 * @license http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html GPL v3 or later
 *
 */

namespace Piwik;

use Exception;
use Piwik\API\Request;
use Piwik\API\ResponseBuilder;
use Piwik\Plugin\Controller;
use Piwik\Plugin\Report;
use Piwik\Plugin\Widgets;
use Piwik\Session;
use Piwik\Plugins\CoreHome\Controller as CoreHomeController;

/**
 * This singleton dispatches requests to the appropriate plugin Controller.
 *
 * Piwik uses this class for all requests that go through **index.php**. Plugins can
 * use it to call controller actions of other plugins.
 *
 * ### Examples
 *
 * **Forwarding controller requests**
 *
 *     public function myConfiguredRealtimeMap()
 *     {
 *         $_GET['changeVisitAlpha'] = false;
 *         $_GET['removeOldVisits'] = false;
 *         $_GET['showFooterMessage'] = false;
 *         return FrontController::getInstance()->dispatch('UserCountryMap', 'realtimeMap');
 *     }
 *
 * **Using other plugin controller actions**
 *
 *     public function myPopupWithRealtimeMap()
 *     {
 *         $_GET['changeVisitAlpha'] = false;
 *         $_GET['removeOldVisits'] = false;
 *         $_GET['showFooterMessage'] = false;
 *         $realtimeMap = FrontController::getInstance()->fetchDispatch('UserCountryMap', 'realtimeMap');
 *
 *         $view = new View('@MyPlugin/myPopupWithRealtimeMap.twig');
 *         $view->realtimeMap = $realtimeMap;
 *         return $realtimeMap->render();
 *     }
 *
 * For a detailed explanation, see the documentation [here](http://piwik.org/docs/plugins/framework-overview).
 *
 * @method static \Piwik\FrontController getInstance()
 */
class FrontController extends Singleton
{
    const DEFAULT_MODULE = 'CoreHome';
    /**
     * Set to false and the Front Controller will not dispatch the request
     *
     * @var bool
     */
    public static $enableDispatch = true;

    /**
     * Executes the requested plugin controller method.
     *
     * @throws Exception|\Piwik\PluginDeactivatedException in case the plugin doesn't exist, the action doesn't exist,
     *                                                     there is not enough permission, etc.
     *
     * @param string $module The name of the plugin whose controller to execute, eg, `'UserCountryMap'`.
     * @param string $action The controller method name, eg, `'realtimeMap'`.
     * @param array $parameters Array of parameters to pass to the controller method.
     * @return void|mixed The returned value of the call. This is the output of the controller method.
     * @api
     */
    public function dispatch($module = null, $action = null, $parameters = null)
    {
        if (self::$enableDispatch === false) {
            return;
        }

        try {
            $result = $this->doDispatch($module, $action, $parameters);
            return $result;
        } catch (NoAccessException $exception) {
            Log::debug($exception);

            /**
             * Triggered when a user with insufficient access permissions tries to view some resource.
             *
             * This event can be used to customize the error that occurs when a user is denied access
             * (for example, displaying an error message, redirecting to a page other than login, etc.).
             *
             * @param \Piwik\NoAccessException $exception The exception that was caught.
             */
            Piwik::postEvent('User.isNotAuthorized', array($exception), $pending = true);
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            $debugTrace = $e->getTraceAsString();
            $message = Common::sanitizeInputValue($e->getMessage());
            Piwik_ExitWithMessage($message, $debugTrace, true, true);
        }
    }

    protected function makeController($module, $action, &$parameters)
    {
        $controllerClassName = $this->getClassNameController($module);

        // TRY TO FIND ACTION IN CONTROLLER
        if (class_exists($controllerClassName)) {

            $class = $this->getClassNameController($module);
            /** @var $controller Controller */
            $controller = new $class;

            $controllerAction = $action;
            if ($controllerAction === false) {
                $controllerAction = $controller->getDefaultAction();
            }

            if (is_callable(array($controller, $controllerAction))) {

                return array($controller, $controllerAction);
            }

            if ($action === false) {
                $this->triggerControllerActionNotFoundError($module, $controllerAction);
            }

        }

        // TRY TO FIND ACTION IN WIDGET
        $widget = Widgets::factory($module, $action);

        if (!empty($widget)) {

            $parameters['widgetModule'] = $module;
            $parameters['widgetMethod'] = $action;

            return array(new CoreHomeController(), 'renderWidget');
        }

        // TRY TO FIND ACTION IN REPORT
        $report = Report::factory($module, $action);

        if (!empty($report)) {

            $parameters['reportModule'] = $module;
            $parameters['reportAction'] = $action;

            return array(new CoreHomeController(), 'renderReportWidget');
        }

        if (!empty($action) && 'menu' === substr($action, 0, 4)) {
            $reportAction = lcfirst(substr($action, 4)); // menuGetPageUrls => getPageUrls
            $report       = Report::factory($module, $reportAction);

            if (!empty($report)) {
                $parameters['reportModule'] = $module;
                $parameters['reportAction'] = $reportAction;

                return array(new CoreHomeController(), 'renderReportMenu');
            }
        }

        $this->triggerControllerActionNotFoundError($module, $action);
    }

    protected function triggerControllerActionNotFoundError($module, $action)
    {
        throw new Exception("Action '$action' not found in the module '$module'.");
    }

    protected function getClassNameController($module)
    {
        return "\\Piwik\\Plugins\\$module\\Controller";
    }

    /**
     * Executes the requested plugin controller method and returns the data, capturing anything the
     * method `echo`s.
     *
     * _Note: If the plugin controller returns something, the return value is returned instead
     * of whatever is in the output buffer._
     *
     * @param string $module The name of the plugin whose controller to execute, eg, `'UserCountryMap'`.
     * @param string $action The controller action name, eg, `'realtimeMap'`.
     * @param array $parameters Array of parameters to pass to the controller action method.
     * @return string The `echo`'d data or the return value of the controller action.
     * @deprecated
     */
    public function fetchDispatch($module = null, $actionName = null, $parameters = null)
    {
        ob_start();
        $output = $this->dispatch($module, $actionName, $parameters);
        // if nothing returned we try to load something that was printed on the screen
        if (empty($output)) {
            $output = ob_get_contents();
        } else {
            // if something was returned, flush output buffer as it is meant to be written to the screen
            ob_flush();
        }
        ob_end_clean();
        return $output;
    }

    /**
     * Called at the end of the page generation
     */
    public function __destruct()
    {
        try {
            if (class_exists('Piwik\\Profiler')
                && !SettingsServer::isTrackerApiRequest()) {
                // in tracker mode Piwik\Tracker\Db\Pdo\Mysql does currently not implement profiling
                Profiler::displayDbProfileReport();
                Profiler::printQueryCount();
            }
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            Log::verbose($e);
        }
    }

    // Should we show exceptions messages directly rather than display an html error page?
    public static function shouldRethrowException()
    {
        // If we are in no dispatch mode, eg. a script reusing Piwik libs,
        // then we should return the exception directly, rather than trigger the event "bad config file"
        // which load the HTML page of the installer with the error.
        return (defined('PIWIK_ENABLE_DISPATCH') && !PIWIK_ENABLE_DISPATCH)
        || Common::isPhpCliMode()
        || SettingsServer::isArchivePhpTriggered();
    }

    public static function setUpSafeMode()
    {
        register_shutdown_function(array('\\Piwik\\FrontController','triggerSafeModeWhenError'));
    }

    public static function triggerSafeModeWhenError()
    {
        $lastError = error_get_last();
        if (!empty($lastError) && $lastError['type'] == E_ERROR) {
            $controller = FrontController::getInstance();
            $controller->init();
            $message = $controller->dispatch('CorePluginsAdmin', 'safemode', array($lastError));

            echo $message;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Loads the config file and assign to the global registry
     * This is overridden in tests to ensure test config file is used
     *
     * @return Exception
     */
    public static function createConfigObject()
    {
        $exceptionToThrow = false;
        try {
            Config::getInstance()->database; // access property to check if the local file exists
        } catch (Exception $exception) {
            Log::debug($exception);

            /**
             * Triggered when the configuration file cannot be found or read, which usually
             * means Piwik is not installed yet.
             *
             * This event can be used to start the installation process or to display a custom error message.
             *
             * @param Exception $exception The exception that was thrown by `Config::getInstance()`.
             */
            Piwik::postEvent('Config.NoConfigurationFile', array($exception), $pending = true);
            $exceptionToThrow = $exception;
        }
        return $exceptionToThrow;
    }

    /**
     * Must be called before dispatch()
     * - checks that directories are writable,
     * - loads the configuration file,
     * - loads the plugin,
     * - inits the DB connection,
     * - etc.
     *
     * @throws Exception
     * @return void
     */
    public function init()
    {
        static $initialized = false;
        if ($initialized) {
            return;
        }
        $initialized = true;

        try {
            Registry::set('timer', new Timer);

            $directoriesToCheck = array(
                '/tmp/',
                '/tmp/assets/',
                '/tmp/cache/',
                '/tmp/logs/',
                '/tmp/tcpdf/',
                '/tmp/templates_c/',
            );

            Filechecks::dieIfDirectoriesNotWritable($directoriesToCheck);

            Translate::loadEnglishTranslation();

            $exceptionToThrow = self::createConfigObject();

            $this->handleMaintenanceMode();
            $this->handleProfiler();
            $this->handleSSLRedirection();

            Plugin\Manager::getInstance()->loadPluginTranslations('en');
            Plugin\Manager::getInstance()->loadActivatedPlugins();

            if ($exceptionToThrow) {
                throw $exceptionToThrow;
            }

            // try to connect to the database
            try {
                Db::createDatabaseObject();
                Db::fetchAll("SELECT DATABASE()");
            } catch (Exception $exception) {
                if (self::shouldRethrowException()) {
                    throw $exception;
                }

                Log::debug($exception);

                /**
                 * Triggered when Piwik cannot connect to the database.
                 *
                 * This event can be used to start the installation process or to display a custom error
                 * message.
                 *
                 * @param Exception $exception The exception thrown from creating and testing the database
                 *                             connection.
                 */
                Piwik::postEvent('Db.cannotConnectToDb', array($exception), $pending = true);

                throw $exception;
            }

            // try to get an option (to check if data can be queried)
            try {
                Option::get('TestingIfDatabaseConnectionWorked');
            } catch (Exception $exception) {
                if (self::shouldRethrowException()) {
                    throw $exception;
                }

                Log::debug($exception);

                /**
                 * Triggered when Piwik cannot access database data.
                 *
                 * This event can be used to start the installation process or to display a custom error
                 * message.
                 *
                 * @param Exception $exception The exception thrown from trying to get an option value.
                 */
                Piwik::postEvent('Config.badConfigurationFile', array($exception), $pending = true);

                throw $exception;
            }

            // Init the Access object, so that eg. core/Updates/* can enforce Super User and use some APIs
            Access::getInstance();

            /**
             * Triggered just after the platform is initialized and plugins are loaded.
             *
             * This event can be used to do early initialization.
             *
             * _Note: At this point the user is not authenticated yet._
             */
            Piwik::postEvent('Request.dispatchCoreAndPluginUpdatesScreen');

            \Piwik\Plugin\Manager::getInstance()->installLoadedPlugins();

            // ensure the current Piwik URL is known for later use
            if (method_exists('Piwik\SettingsPiwik', 'getPiwikUrl')) {
                SettingsPiwik::getPiwikUrl();
            }

            /**
             * Triggered before the user is authenticated, when the global authentication object
             * should be created.
             *
             * Plugins that provide their own authentication implementation should use this event
             * to set the global authentication object (which must derive from {@link Piwik\Auth}).
             *
             * **Example**
             *
             *     Piwik::addAction('Request.initAuthenticationObject', function() {
             *         Piwik\Registry::set('auth', new MyAuthImplementation());
             *     });
             */
            Piwik::postEvent('Request.initAuthenticationObject');
            try {
                $authAdapter = Registry::get('auth');
            } catch (Exception $e) {
                throw new Exception("Authentication object cannot be found in the Registry. Maybe the Login plugin is not activated?
                                <br />You can activate the plugin by adding:<br />
                                <code>Plugins[] = Login</code><br />
                                under the <code>[Plugins]</code> section in your config/config.ini.php");
            }
            Access::getInstance()->reloadAccess($authAdapter);

            // Force the auth to use the token_auth if specified, so that embed dashboard
            // and all other non widgetized controller methods works fine
            if (Common::getRequestVar('token_auth', false, 'string') !== false) {
                Request::reloadAuthUsingTokenAuth();
            }
            SettingsServer::raiseMemoryLimitIfNecessary();

            Translate::reloadLanguage();
            \Piwik\Plugin\Manager::getInstance()->postLoadPlugins();

            /**
             * Triggered after the platform is initialized and after the user has been authenticated, but
             * before the platform has handled the request.
             *
             * Piwik uses this event to check for updates to Piwik.
             */
            Piwik::postEvent('Platform.initialized');
        } catch (Exception $e) {

            if (self::shouldRethrowException()) {
                throw $e;
            }

            $debugTrace = $e->getTraceAsString();
            Piwik_ExitWithMessage($e->getMessage(), $debugTrace, true);
        }
    }

    protected function prepareDispatch($module, $action, $parameters)
    {
        if (is_null($module)) {
            $module = Common::getRequestVar('module', self::DEFAULT_MODULE, 'string');
        }

        if (is_null($action)) {
            $action = Common::getRequestVar('action', false);
        }

        if (SettingsPiwik::isPiwikInstalled()
            && ($module !== 'API' || ($action && $action !== 'index'))
        ) {
            Session::start();
        }

        if (is_null($parameters)) {
            $parameters = array();
        }

        if (!ctype_alnum($module)) {
            throw new Exception("Invalid module name '$module'");
        }

        $module = Request::renameModule($module);

        if (!\Piwik\Plugin\Manager::getInstance()->isPluginActivated($module)) {
            throw new PluginDeactivatedException($module);
        }

        return array($module, $action, $parameters);
    }

    protected function handleMaintenanceMode()
    {
        if (Config::getInstance()->General['maintenance_mode'] == 1
            && !Common::isPhpCliMode()
        ) {
            $format = Common::getRequestVar('format', '');

            $message = "Piwik is in scheduled maintenance. Please come back later."
                . " The administrator can disable maintenance by editing the file piwik/config/config.ini.php and removing the following: "
                . " maintenance_mode=1 ";
            if (Config::getInstance()->Tracker['record_statistics'] == 0) {
                $message .= ' and record_statistics=0';
            }

            $exception = new Exception($message);
            // extend explain how to re-enable
            // show error message when record stats = 0
            if (empty($format)) {
                throw $exception;
            }
            $response = new ResponseBuilder($format);
            echo $response->getResponseException($exception);
            exit;
        }
    }

    protected function handleSSLRedirection()
    {
        // Specifically disable for the opt out iframe
        if (Piwik::getModule() == 'CoreAdminHome' && Piwik::getAction() == 'optOut') {
            return;
        }
        // Disable Https for VisitorGenerator
        if (Piwik::getModule() == 'VisitorGenerator') {
            return;
        }
        if (Common::isPhpCliMode()) {
            return;
        }
        // Only enable this feature after Piwik is already installed
        if (!SettingsPiwik::isPiwikInstalled()) {
            return;
        }
        // proceed only when force_ssl = 1
        if (!SettingsPiwik::isHttpsForced()) {
            return;
        }
        Url::redirectToHttps();
    }

    private function handleProfiler()
    {
        if (!empty($_GET['xhprof'])) {
            $mainRun = $_GET['xhprof'] == 1; // core:archive command sets xhprof=2
            Profiler::setupProfilerXHProf($mainRun);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param $module
     * @param $action
     * @param $parameters
     * @return mixed
     */
    private function doDispatch($module, $action, $parameters)
    {
        list($module, $action, $parameters) = $this->prepareDispatch($module, $action, $parameters);

        /**
         * Triggered directly before controller actions are dispatched.
         *
         * This event can be used to modify the parameters passed to one or more controller actions
         * and can be used to change the controller action being dispatched to.
         *
         * @param string &$module The name of the plugin being dispatched to.
         * @param string &$action The name of the controller method being dispatched to.
         * @param array &$parameters The arguments passed to the controller action.
         */
        Piwik::postEvent('Request.dispatch', array(&$module, &$action, &$parameters));

        list($controller, $actionToCall) = $this->makeController($module, $action, $parameters);

        /**
         * Triggered directly before controller actions are dispatched.
         *
         * This event exists for convenience and is triggered directly after the {@hook Request.dispatch}
         * event is triggered.
         *
         * It can be used to do the same things as the {@hook Request.dispatch} event, but for one controller
         * action only. Using this event will result in a little less code than {@hook Request.dispatch}.
         *
         * @param array &$parameters The arguments passed to the controller action.
         */
        Piwik::postEvent(sprintf('Controller.%s.%s', $module, $action), array(&$parameters));

        $result = call_user_func_array(array($controller, $actionToCall), $parameters);

        /**
         * Triggered after a controller action is successfully called.
         *
         * This event exists for convenience and is triggered immediately before the {@hook Request.dispatch.end}
         * event is triggered.
         *
         * It can be used to do the same things as the {@hook Request.dispatch.end} event, but for one
         * controller action only. Using this event will result in a little less code than
         * {@hook Request.dispatch.end}.
         *
         * @param mixed &$result The result of the controller action.
         * @param array $parameters The arguments passed to the controller action.
         */
        Piwik::postEvent(sprintf('Controller.%s.%s.end', $module, $action), array(&$result, $parameters));

        /**
         * Triggered after a controller action is successfully called.
         *
         * This event can be used to modify controller action output (if any) before the output is returned.
         *
         * @param mixed &$result The controller action result.
         * @param array $parameters The arguments passed to the controller action.
         */
        Piwik::postEvent('Request.dispatch.end', array(&$result, $module, $action, $parameters));
        return $result;
    }

}

/**
 * Exception thrown when the requested plugin is not activated in the config file
 */
class PluginDeactivatedException extends Exception
{
    public function __construct($module)
    {
        parent::__construct("The plugin $module is not enabled. You can activate the plugin on Settings > Plugins page in Piwik.");
    }
}